RESEARCH PAPER
Assessment of bone sialoprotein in the saliva of women at peri- and postmenopausal age
1
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
2
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Corresponding author
Renata Chałas
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
J Pre Clin Clin Res. 2016;10(2):100-104
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objective:
Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is present in a non-collagenous fraction of bone matrix, in dentine, cement and calcified cartilage. The characteristic place where sialoprotein is produced makes it highly specific in relation to the bone tissue and the possibility of using it as a marker of bone metabolism. The study aimed to assess the BSP level in the saliva of female patients at the menopausal and postmenopausal period.
Material and Methods:
The study included 71 women aged 45–74 years. In the examined subjects, bone mineral density and bone sialoprotein levels in saliva were determined. Patients also responded to survey questions about place of residence and the frequency of consumption of foods rich in calcium. The obtained results were statistically analyzed.
Results:
In the study population of women, BSP saliva concentration ranged from 0.40–14.97 ng/ml. The highest BSP values were observed in the control group (average – 5.66 ng/ml, median – 6.73 ng/ml,), the lowest in the osteopenia group (average – 3.09 ng/ml, median – 1.71 ng/ml). This relationship was close to statistical significance (p = 0.056). Place of residence of the surveyed women had neither effect on BSP concentration in saliva nor on the value of the T-score ratio. Similarly, there was no statistically significant relationship between the frequency of consumption of foods rich in calcium and BSP and T-score.
Conclusions:
It was found that the BSP level can be determined in saliva. Biochemical tests of saliva considering bone metabolism are an issue that should be continued in future, as the availability of material (saliva) for laboratory analyses, carries potential diagnostic opportunities.
Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is present in a non-collagenous fraction of bone matrix, in dentine, cement and calcified cartilage. The characteristic place where sialoprotein is produced makes it highly specific in relation to the bone tissue and the possibility of using it as a marker of bone metabolism. The study aimed to assess the BSP level in the saliva of female patients at the menopausal and postmenopausal period.
Material and Methods:
The study included 71 women aged 45–74 years. In the examined subjects, bone mineral density and bone sialoprotein levels in saliva were determined. Patients also responded to survey questions about place of residence and the frequency of consumption of foods rich in calcium. The obtained results were statistically analyzed.
Results:
In the study population of women, BSP saliva concentration ranged from 0.40–14.97 ng/ml. The highest BSP values were observed in the control group (average – 5.66 ng/ml, median – 6.73 ng/ml,), the lowest in the osteopenia group (average – 3.09 ng/ml, median – 1.71 ng/ml). This relationship was close to statistical significance (p = 0.056). Place of residence of the surveyed women had neither effect on BSP concentration in saliva nor on the value of the T-score ratio. Similarly, there was no statistically significant relationship between the frequency of consumption of foods rich in calcium and BSP and T-score.
Conclusions:
It was found that the BSP level can be determined in saliva. Biochemical tests of saliva considering bone metabolism are an issue that should be continued in future, as the availability of material (saliva) for laboratory analyses, carries potential diagnostic opportunities.
REFERENCES (30)
1.
Franzen A, Heinegard D. Isolation and characterization of two sialoproteins present only in bone calcified matrix. Biochem J. 1985; 232(3): 715–724.
2.
Störk S, Störk C, Angerer P, Kothny W, Schmitt P, Wehr U et al. Bone sialoprotein is a specific biochemical marker of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a randomized 1-year study. Osteoporos Int. 2000; 11(9): 790–796.
3.
Seibel MJ. Biochemical markers of bone turnover part I: Biochemistry and variability. Clin Biochem Rev. 2005; 26(4): 97–122.
4.
Shaarawy M, Hasan M. Serum bone sialoprotein: a marker of bone resorption in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2001; 61(7): 513–521.
5.
Fisher LW, Fedarko NS. Six genes expressed in bones and teeth encode the current members of the SIBLING family of proteins. Connect Tissue Res. 2003; 44: Suppl 1: 33–40.
6.
Ross FP, Chappel J, Alvarez JI, Sander D, Butler WT, Farach-Carson MC et al. Interactions between the bone matrix proteins osteopontin and bone sialoprotein and the osteoclast integrin αV β3 potentiate bone resorption. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268(13): 9901–9907.
7.
Valverde P, Tu Q, Chen J. BSP and RANKL induce osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption synergistically. J Bone Miner Res. 2005; 20(9): 1669–1679.
8.
Malaval L,Wade-Gueye NM,Boudiffa M,Fei J,Zirngibl R,Chen F et al. Bone sialoprotein plays a functional role in bone formation and osteoclastogenesis. J Exp Med. 2008; 205(5): 1145–1153.
9.
Seibel MJ, Woitge HW, Pecherstorfer M, Karmatschek M, Horn E, Ludwig H et al.: Serum immunoreactive bone sialoprotein as a new marker of bone turnover in metabolic and malignant bone disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996; 81(9): 3289–3294.
10.
Filip RS, Zagórski J: Bone mineral density and osteoporosis in rural and urban women. Epidemiological study of the Lublin region (Eastern Poland). Ann Agric Environ Med. 2001; 8(2): 221–226.
11.
World Health Organization: Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Technical Report Series 843, Geneva 1994.
12.
Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. JAMA. 2001; 285(6): 785–794.
13.
Pfaffe T, Cooper-White J, Beyerlein P, Kostner K, Punyadeera C. Diagnostic potential of saliva: current state and future applications. Clin Chem. 2011; 57(5): 675–687.
14.
Chałas R. Calcium and potassium saliva concentration in patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009, 41(1): 34–38.
15.
Humphrey SP, RDH, Williamson RT. A review of saliva: Normal composition, flow, and function. J Prosthet Dent. 2001; 85(2): 162–169.
16.
Scannapieco FA, Ng PBY, Hovey K, Hausmann E, Hutson A, Wactawski- Wende J. Salivary biomarkers associated with alveolar bone loss. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007; 1098: 496–497.
17.
McGehee JW Jr, Johnson RB. Biomarkers of bone turnover can be assayed from human saliva. J Gerontol. 2004; 101(3): 196–200.
18.
Ng PYB, Donley M, Hausmann E, Hutson AD, Rossomando EF, Scannapieco FA. Candidate salivary biomarkers associated with alveolar bone loss: cross-sectional and in vitro studies. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007; 49(2): 252–260.
19.
Reddy S, Karthikeyan R, Sherlin HJ, Anuja N, Pratibha R, Priya P et al. Oral sings and salivary parameters as indicators of possible osteoporosis and osteopenia in postmenopausal women – A study of 45 subjects. Braz J Oral Sci. 2008; 7(24): 1502–1506.
20.
Pietschmann P, Kudlacek S, Grisar J, Spitzauer S, Woloszczuk W, Willvonseder R et al. Bone turnover markers and sex hormones in men with idiopathic osteoporosis. Eur J Clin Invest. 2001; 31(5): 444–451.
21.
Fassbender WJ, Ruf T, Kaiser HE, Stracke H. Serum levels of immunoreactive bone sialoprotein in osteoporosis: positive relations to established biochemical parameters of bone turnover. In Vivo. 2000; 14(5): 619–624.
22.
Holm E, Aubin JE, Hunter GK, Beier F, Goldberg HA. Loss of bone sialoprotein leads to impaired endochondral bone development and mineralization. BONE. 2015; 71: 145–154.
23.
Filip RS, Zagórski J. Age- and BMD-related differences in biochemical markers of bone metabolism in rural and urban women from Lublin Region, Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2004; 11(2): 255–259.
24.
Filip RS, Zagórski J. Osteoporosis risk factors in rural and urban women from the Lublin Region of Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2005; 12(1): 21–26.
25.
Piątek D, Zubrzycka J, Bachanek T, Filip R. Oral hygiene, health promoting behaviour and awareness of osteoporosis risk factors in over 45-year-old women. Pol J Environ Stud. 2007; 16 Suppl (2C): 437–441.
26.
Bachanek T, Piątek D, Zubrzycka J, Filip R. Evaluation of the risk of dental caries in women with osteoporopsis using the Cariogram computer program. 2009; 18 Suppl (1A): 76–79.
27.
Fall PM, Kennedy D, Smith JA, Seibel MJ, Raisz LG. Comparison of serum and urine assays for biochemical markers of bone resorption in postmenopausal women with or without hormone replacement therapy and in men. Osteoporos Int. 2000; 11(6): 481–485.
28.
Pellegrini GG, Gonzales Chaves MMS, Fajardo MA, Ponce GM, Toyos GI, Lifshitz F et al. Salivary bone turnover markers in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women: daily and seasonal rhythm. Clin Oral Invest. 2012; 16(2): 651–657.
29.
Woitge HW, Pecherstorfer M, Horn E, Keck AV, Diel IJ, Bayer P et al. Serum bone sialoprotein as a marker of tumour burden and neoplastic bone involvement and as a prognostic factor in multiple myeloma. Br J Cancer. 2001; 84(3): 344–451.
30.
Campos JM, Prati AJ, Cirano FR, Pimentel SP, Pastore GP, Pecorari VG et al. Smoking Modulates Gene Expression of Type I Collagen, Bone Sialoprotein, and Osteocalcin in Human Alveolar Bone. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Nov; 73(11): 2123–2131.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1898-7516 |
| ISSN: | 1898-2395 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
